Situated South of
the California State University Chico campus in an area known as the “South
Campus Historic District” sits an architectural anomaly known as the Pacific
Telephone and Telegraph building located at 518 West 4th St. This Historic
District contains twelve full blocks, eleven partial blocks area is Chico’s
oldest residential neighborhood, establish in 1860, and named to the National
Register of Historic Places in 1991, through the efforts of Chico Heritage
Association. This beautifully landscaped neighborhood consists mostly of student
housing, private residents, St. John the Baptist Catholic Church, a small
commercial area, and the very oddly placed three story Pacific Telephone and
Telegraph Company building. The building
and rear parking lot take up the entire block, situated between West 3th St.
and West 4rd St., North-West to south-East and between Chestnut and Hazel,
North-East to South-West. The block is enclosed
with ivy-covered chain-link fencing, marked by two large rolling gates on the
Hazel St. side and one very uninviting locked entry on West 4th St., with no apparent
signage on site.
In 1843, Governor
Micheltorena of Mexico hired John Bidwell, an aid to John Sutter of Sutter’s
Fort in Sacramento, to survey all Mexican land grants. William Dickey, in 1844
acquired two Mexican land grants in Northern California: Rancho Arroyo Chico
and Rancho Farwell, a total of about 26,000 acres from the foothills to the
Sacramento River, which John Bidwell bought Rancho Arroyo Chico and a large
portion of the Farwell Grant from Dickey in 1849 after permanently moving to
the area. Bidwell hired surveyor J.S.
Henning between 1860 and 1863 to lay out the soon to be town of Chico between
Big Chico Creek and Little Chico Creek, designing a block grid system similar
to those of the Eastern U.S. cities. [1]
The Pacific Telephone parcel of land was once known as Block Sixty-Nine in the first residential neighborhood of Chico, which once was very prestigious. Its prestigious run of owners started with the first purchaser, David M. Reavis a local rancher and private in the Chico Light Infantry (November 28th 1863-July 27th 1866) during the Civil War. Reavis purchased the vacant lot for $400 from John Bidwell on Aug. 8th 1866. Eight months later on April 22nd 1867 he subdivided the one block parcel in half, selling off the West 4th St. half on April 24th 1867 to Jerry C. Noonan and retaining the West 3rd St. half for himself until it sold on July 18th 1868 to Wesley Lee. [2]
 |
| David M. Reavis |
Mr. Reavis passed away on May 13th 1896 at the age of 66, surrounded by family at his daughter’s home “The Strathmore House on Larkin Street” in San Francisco, but the Masonic Lodge of Chico made funeral arrangements due to Reavis’s prominent membership in the lodge, and he was placed at the Oroville Veterans Memorial Park.[4]
 |
| Jerry Childs Noonan |
The block began to become more subdivided as time went on. Four lots, sat on the block by 1874 when Jerry C. Noonan bought 316 Chestnut St., on Feb. 12th 1874, which sat next door to his home at 334 Chestnut, until he sold 316 Chestnut St. on March 15th 1883 to H.K. and Sarah McLennan. Noonan also purchased the vacant lot at 841 West 3rd St. on March 1st 1875, which sat on the Eastern corner of the block, on Hazel St. and West 3rd St. Noonan built a home on this property between 1886 and 1888. [7] When Noonan bought 841 West 3rd St. he added his wife Katie A. Noonan to the title and for a period of eight years the Noonan’s owned all the lots on the block except for two, making a funny looking U shape. Jerry Noonan passed away on Feb. 3rd 1888, leaving the property at 334 Chestnut St. and 841 West 3rd St for his wife Katie to do with what she wished. On May 7th 1895 Mrs. Noonan sold 841 West 3rd St. to Alex and Susan Womble and held onto 334 Chestnut until she sold it on June 10th 1902 to Park Henshaw a renter at the same residence. [8]
The
druggist, Jerry Childs Noonan born Dec. 25th 1841 in Canandaigua, New York, had his hand in
more than just being a druggist. He also
worked as secretary of the Butte County Agricultural Association organized in
1867 and helped organize Chico’s first fair in October of that year. Noonan, a very promenade member of the Chico
community purchased a block of land at Broadway and West 3rd St. in 1869, where
he allowed several different businesses to occupy. In 1882, Noonan built his
two-story brick “Noonan Building” on the site, which still exists today after a
fire that almost gutted the entire interior in 1975, now the Phoenix Building,
but still displays the Noonan name ).[1]
The Noonan Building housed a hardwood store on the first floor owned by the
Hubbard Earll Company and a lodging room on the second story, until they became
offices. [9]
Reavis sold the West 3rd St. half to Wesley Lee, the owner of Lee Pharmacy on June 15th 1867 but he quickly sold the property the next year on July 18th 1868 to James and Sarah Cole.[10]
 |
| Wesley Lee |
 |
| Lee Pharmacy |
On March 15th
1883, Fire Chief Henry Kenneth McLennan and his wife Sarah purchase 316
Chestnut St. to break up Noonan’s majority rule of the block, and lived there
until Feb. 23rd 1893 when they sold it to F.S. Smith on Feb. 23rd
1893.[15]
McLennan became Fire Chief in 1883, and
remained Chief for two years before retiring. Before that, McLennan was
appointed the first fire warden to fire station No. 1 located east of Broadway
and south of 5th St.[16]
The McLennan’s would sell 316 Chestnut
St. on Feb. 23rd 1893 and move back to Sacramento.
John Jr. &
Mary Kate Deveney, purchase 306 Chestnut St. on the corner of West 3rd St. and
Chestnut St. on Jan. 3rd 1884 and build the first home on this
property in 1884 and remain owners until Jan. 20th 1903.[17]
While changes were
happening on the property, major changes were also going on a few blocks away
on John Bidwell’s eighty-acre cherry orchard, which is now the California State
University at Chico. In 1887 John
Bidwell donated his cherry orchard to the State of California. This is not the first time Bidwell donated
land for educational purposes. In 1863
Bidwell donated a block of land to all the churches in the area of the soon to
be Chico for the purpose of building schools. The State Legislative Act created
the State Normal School of California and chose Chico as the northern location
for the purpose of training teachers. In
September of 1887 construction began on a three-story brick building and
completed in 1889, ready for the first fifty students in which fifteen teachers
graduated in June of 1891. [18]
Alexander and Susan Womble purchased 825 West 3rd St. on Jan. 17th 1885 and ten years later on May 7th 1895 they purchased 841 West 3rd St. next door from Jerry C. Noonan to create one quarter of the block back together again. After the Womble’s sell the combined lots on Sept. 17th 1902 the house at 825 West 3rd St. is destroyed and a new home is rebuilt closer to the street. Only nine months and two owners later the combined lot is split in two once again. Cora Lee Mayer-Clark purchased the lot on Dec. 23rd 1902, and splits it back into two separate parcels on June 24th 1903 with her retaining 841 West 3rd St. and selling off 825 West 3rd St. to Henry Haile on June 24th 1903. [19]
On May 25th 1895 Alexander Gibb Simpson purchased 316 Chestnut St. and lived there until his death in 1927. His daughter Maude Simpson put the property in her name on May 5th 1930, until she sold it on July 29th 1944, making the Simpson family, owners for forty nine years of 316 Chestnut St. the longest continuous property owners on the block. Simpson was born April 2nd 1863 in Oroville, California to a Butte County pioneer Alexander Gibb Simpson Sr. who worked alongside John Bidwell. Simpson, a member of the first freeholders of Butte County along with enacting the present-day charter of Butte County, making himself a pioneer in his own right. Alexander Gibb Simpson, clerked in many different stores, and in 1883 entered the office of the County recorder and auditor, as an assistant to Recorder Thomas Atchison. On Jan. 9th 1887, Simpson became bookkeeper for Tickner, Burnham and Company, a department store in Chico. In August 1892, he went to work for the Chico Water Company, as secretary and collector; at the same time, he was also secretary and collector of the Chico Gas and Electric Light Company until 1901, when the company sold. Some years later he became Superintendent at the Chico Water Company. Simpson also dipped into politics as well. To support the Republican Party, he became a member of the Republican County Central Committee and became President of the order. Simpson also belonged to the Chico Lodge, No. 423, B.P.O. Elks, and to Chico Lodge. No. 113, I.O.O.F. [20] In partnership with G.L. Barham, under the firm name Simpson and Barham, also owned seventy-seven-acre orchard three miles northwest of Chico, where they grew prunes, peaches, olives and almonds. [21]
 |
| The Band |
 |
| Park Henshaw |
Henshaw’s
main residence at 334 Chestnut St., a fantastic example of Colonial Revival
(1880-1950) style architecture.[6]
The residence may have been built prior
to 1870 by possibly Jerry Noonan, the past owner. The residence is a two story, block shaped, wood
structure that contains: wood clapboard siding, paired rectangular flat top two
sash windows with shutters and an overhang above each window, a small one-story
room attached to the left side of the home, and the most decorative detail is
the truncated hip roof featuring a widow walk on top. Pacific Telephone either destroyed or moved
the home after they purchased the property in April of 1947, but there is no
record of what came of it. [25]
Henshaw House
As a young boy
Henshaw found himself fighting in the Civil War for the Confederacy, but his
military service did not end there. In
1898 California Governor James Budd appointed Henshaw as Colonel to a new
regimen, created with the advice from Henshaw.
Colonel Park Henshaw and the entire regiment of the Eighth Infantry,
National Guard of California spent a year fighting in the Spanish-American War,
before being honorably discharged in Benicia. [27]
Park Henshaw’s
personal life and beliefs outside of the law office is what made him one of the
most promenade people in Chico history. When
a group of citizens asked Chico to start the first high school in Chico in
1896, the planners ask the town supervisors to levy a tax on the citizens to
come up with the $11,000 it was going to take to get the project started. Park Henshaw was the voice of those opposed
to a tax levy and represented them at the Board of Supervisors meeting. Not all events were so serious. In Sept. 1880 President Rutherford B. Hayes
and General William Sherman came to the west to see the far western states hor
themselves. When John Bidwell heard of the visit to California, he sent out an
invitation to the President to visit a working California ranch. Hayes accepted and so Bidwell put a ten-man
bipartisan reception committee together to receive the Presidents party. The committee included Park Henshaw as one of
the ten members. On Sept. 3rd
1880 the committee and town of Chico put on one spectacular event to welcome
the President of the United States. This
involved the entire town: men, women, children, flowers, fire companies,
militia gun salutes, and the whole nine yards. [28]
Some of Henshaw’s
groups he belonged to included: charter member of Engine Company No. 1.
Fraternally, a member of Chico Lodge, B. P. O. Elks, Masonry as a Knight
Templar, a Shriner, and a thirty-third degree Mason which he achieved on
February 14th 1884 and the first to do so in Chico.[29]
Colonel Park
Henshaw, died at his home, 334 Chestnut St., at 9:35 p.m. on June 12th
1915 from an attack of Bright's disease, in which he battled for two
years. He suffered a stroke while in
court on March 1st and he never really recovered fully. The funeral took place at the Henshaw
residence on Chestnut St. with some of the most prominent residents of Butte
County: Spanish-American War Veterans, Chico Lodge of Elks, Chico Commandery,
Knights Templar, and the Bar Association.
Chico Commandery No. 12 Knights Templar officiated the grave side
service at Chico Cemetery, the procession headed by the Second Regimental band
and gun salute. Two of the backup
pallbearers that day were neighbors: Alexander Simpson from 316 Chestnut St.
and Ed Harkness from 820 West 3rd St.[30]
Mrs. Henshaw
remained in the home until her death on Sept. 9th 1922. Her funeral also took place at the family
home, 334 Chestnut St. The family home
remained with Mrs. Henshaw’s mother Ella Buckius Bay, until Aug. 8th
1923 when she sold it to Harman and Alva Bay.[31]
Sometime between
1909 and 1921 the Henshaw’s removed the Carriage house and the possible servant
quarters on West 4th St. that use to be storage and built a home on the other
side of the property at 319 Hazel St. Between
1921 and 1938 two more houses were built on the old Henshaw lot, a duplex on
the corner of West 4th St. and Hazel St. known as 327 and 347 Hazel St. and the
other in the same location as the old possible servant quarters/storage unit at
830 and 840 West 4th St.[32]
The Bank of Butte
County came to own 825 West 3rd St. from June 14th 1906 to March 18th
1909, when they sold the property to Edward Harkness who just so happened to be
assistant cashier with the Bank of Butte County, on March 18th 1909. Harkness lived at 825 West 3rd St. with his
wife Nancy and two children until his death in 1938. After his death his wife
Nancy Harkness continued to live at the home until she sold it on June 9th
1955. The Harkness family lived at 825 West 3rd St. for forty-six years, making
them the second longest residence of the block. [33]
Edward Harkness born
in 1852 and Nancy Harkness born in 1856, both born in Missouri much like a lot
of the early pioneers of the Chico area.
On May 1st 1881 Harkness started working for the Miocene
Mining Company as a bookkeeper. Harkness
also kept title abstracts by searching title records of land for Park Henshaw,
which earned him a reputation as the best researcher of records in the state. Elected county clerk in 1894 by the citizens
of Butte County, Mr. Harkness served until he resigns the position in Sept.
1887. Edward Harkness also worked for a
time with Butte County Bank as assistant cashier and bookkeeper.[34]
Mrs. Harkness sold
or donated the Harkness Family home at 825 West 3rd St. to Bidwell Memorial
Presbyterian Church on June 9th 1955. The church’s use of the
property is unknown, but it may have been used for offices or student housing,
seeing that the church itself was located on West 1st St. No personal at the present church office have
any knowledge that the church even owned property in the neighborhood from 1955
to the sale of the property on March 17th 1961. [35]
The roaring 20’s
saw many owners come and go, only retaining property for a short period of
time, but long-lasting changes were happening at the State Normal School. After World War I in 1921, Chico State Normal
School became Chico State Teachers College and junior college with a two-year
certificate program. Disaster struck in
1927 when a fire destroyed the Normal Building, but Kendell Hall a new
administration building was constructed that the site sometime later. Not until 1972 did the college officially
become California State University Chico.[36]
The South-Eastern
half of the block was split by the first owner David Reavis on April 24th
1867 and remained half the one block lot until Feb. 4th 1946. Seventy-Nine years and eight land owners
later the property is finally split in half by Ethel H. Posey on February 4th
1946, shortly after the end of World War II. Posey sales off the eastern half to Cornelius
& Bertha C. Noordhoff, who own the old Henshaw house. Posey retained the southern half that
contained five residencies in three different buildings. Seven lots now are divided into what once
was a one block parcel. [37]
At about 1937 some
addresses on numbered street like West 3rd and West 4th changed in the downtown
Chico area. On this block all the
addresses on West 3rd and West 4th where in the 800 block, but when they
changed the addresses, they become 500 block addresses (see Chart 1).[38]
|
Old Address
Prior 1937 |
New Address Post
1937 |
|
811 West 3rd St. |
509 West 3rd St. |
|
821 West 3rd St. |
521 West 3rd St. |
|
825 West 3rd St. |
529 West 3rd St. |
|
841 West 3rd St. |
543 West 3rd St. |
|
800 West 4th St. |
500 West 4th St. |
|
830 West 4th St. |
530 West 4th St. |
|
834 West 4th St. |
534 West 4th St. |
|
Table
1: Address Changes in circa 1937 |
After World War II telephone service
increased rapidly, a customer base that took fifty years to create increased
88% by 1951. As a result, Pacific
Telephone made plans to build a new building where customer no longer needed to
get ahold of an operator to make a call, instead a customer can dial local
numbers direct. The new technology and
increase in staff required a new building to house both. On April 1st
1947, Pacific Telephone applied for a rezoning of property and use permit for
the corner of Chestnut St. and West 4th St. to build and maintain a
communication center for Chico. In 1947
the residents fought the application, due to the fact the area was a
residential district with older historic homes in which the residents did not
want the historical integrity to be lost, and did not want the sense of the
neighborhood stained by a commercial building, nor the noise and increased
traffic. City of Chico Planning and
Building Department did not have the plans or permits for the first phase of
construction, due to the fact they did not keep records at that point. [39]
Pacific Telephone
and Telegraph Company acquired their first parcel of land on April 3rd
1947, with the purchase of 334 Chestnut St. from Cornelius & Bertha C.
Noordhoff. Soon after the purchase, the
company either destroyed or moved the circa 1870 Colonial Revival Style home,
but there is no record of its demise. In
its place Pacific Telephone build in 1951, a two-story concrete square building
with a finish basement valued at $650,000.
The building took up 5,772 sqft, with dimensions of 92 ft. wide, 72 feet
long, and 32 feet tall, which did not supply a parking lot for employees,
completed in 1953 and was not what the residents were told was being built. [40] According to a letter written on March 3rd
1956 by six residents of the neighborhood Pacific Telephone and the City of
Chico misled them,
“The owners of property in the area were
induced to sign a petition in favor of the variance permit, and the protestants
were lulled by representations of the Telephone Company that the building which
it proposed to construct was of such architectural design that it would conform
to the general architectural plan of the area; that the building would be a
one-story building of a Spanish design and would be pleasingly landscaped.”[41]
January 26th
1956 Pacific Telephone wrote a letter to the City of Chico requesting a new use
permit to construct an additional two-story concrete building to be added to
the existing building, due to nearing maximum capacity in the first building
because of increasing telephone service in the area.[42]
Pacific Telephone and Telegraph on
June 14th 1956 purchased two lots adjacent to 518 West 4th St. First, the remaining half of the original
half block section from the Posey family, recreating the full half block West
4th St. section. Second, the purchase of 316 Chestnut St. from J. W. &
Jessie W. Brownell. On March 20th
1957, PG&E was issued an Encroachment Permit by the City of Chico to
abandon gas service to 316 Chestnut St. and 534 West 4th St. Pacific Telephone did do the right thing when
it came to 316 Chestnut St., by moving it and not destroying it. According to a Moving Permit dated June 5th
1957, Pacific Telephone moved the 73+ year old historic home outside of the
Chico City limits, somewhere on East Ave.
The exact location has not listed.
As for the two duplexes and the one home on Hazel, there is no record of
them being moved. The National Register
Application claims all the structures on the block were demolished, but that
was not the case for 316 Chestnut St., so maybe others may have been saved. [43]
In 1957 Mr. and Mrs. McLain sought a
Writ from the District court to restrain the granting of a permit to construct
the second building of the Pacific Telephone building. The District Court of Appeal denied the
McLain’s request. Pacific Telephone began construction of the addition and the
completion took place in 1960. [44]
September 16th 1963
brought two more properties under Pacific Telephones control, with the purchase
of 306 Chestnut from sisters Vera Dean-Thompson & Leta R. Dean-Robbie, and
521 West 3rd St. from Florence Austin Shelton. Harold & Elsa Collins were the next to
fall on August 3rd 1962 after sixteen years of ownership. The last holdout was local real estate agent
Lloyd and Louis Ginter with Ginter Realty. The Ginter’s bought 529 West 3rd St.
from Bidwell Memorial Presbyterian Church on April 16th 1961, but quickly
sold it to Pacific Telephone in August of 1962. [45]
Pacific Telephone and Telegraph have
brought back the entire block as one parcel once again ninety-six years later.
Not sense David M. Reavis first bought the block from John Bidwell on August 8th
1866 for $400 has the entire block been under one ownership.
In April of 1970 Pacific Telephone ask the City once again to bend the rules. They now wanted to build up and add a third story to the existing building. There happened to be a fifty-foot-high limit on R-3 zoning, in which the building fell under. With the third story, this would put the building four feet over that fifty-foot limit. They reasoned that the city planning commission already cleared the plans, which included a third story back in 1960, and that the extra four feet really would not make a difference to the residence or have any negative effect on them. The third-floor addition was approved and added on soon after. The last part of the building that runs along West 4th St. also came about in 1970 as well, but this was another two-story concrete building that was attached to the existing building on West 4th St. The present Pacific Telephone building is a reverse L-Shaped concrete three story building, with one window on two sides on the second floor, multiple windows on the third floor, one entry door on West 4th St. which is locked, and, ninety-four parking spaces fenced all the way around. The third floor does not architecturally flow with the rest of the building. [46]
Current Pacific Telephone
Unfortunately, the Pacific Telephone
building is not architecturally appealing, nor does it appropriate the South
Campus Historic District atmosphere.
Some may say it is an eye sore on the beautiful old neighborhood.
|
Owner |
Bought |
Sold |
|
David Reavis |
8/8/1866 |
7/18/1868 |
|
Jerry C. Noonan |
4/24/1867 |
6/10/1902 |
|
Wesley Lee |
6/15/1867 |
7/18/1868 |
|
James &
Sarah. Cole |
7/18/1868 |
1/20/1869 |
|
John & Elsa
Nichols |
1/20/1869 |
10/3/1870 |
|
Asa & Ruby
Bartlett |
10/3/1870 |
11/21/1874 |
|
William C. Swain |
1/5/1872 |
2/23/1877 |
|
Aaron K. Kiles |
5/2/1872 |
11/21/1874 |
|
Israel Hull |
1/23/1873 |
1/22/1874 |
|
William T.
Turner |
1/23/1874 |
2/23/1877 |
|
Duncan & Harriet
Robertson |
11/211874 |
12/1/1874 |
|
William &
Susanna Wilson |
12/1/1874 |
1/17/1885 |
|
Edward J. Reilly
|
2/23/1877 |
11/3/1877 |
|
Oscar Walker |
11/3/1877 |
1/3/1884 |
|
HK. And Sarah
McLennan |
3/15/1883 |
2/23/1893 |
|
John & Mary
Deveney |
1/3/1884 |
1/20/1903 |
|
Alex and Susan
Womble |
1/17/1885 |
9/13/1902 |
|
F.S. Smith |
2/23/1893 |
5/25/1895 |
|
Alex Gibb
Simpson |
5/25/1895 |
5/5/1930 |
|
Mary B Lee |
7/77/1900 |
11/15/1902 |
|
Park Henshaw |
7/7/1900 |
11/15/1902 |
|
Harman Tanner,
Carl Muller |
11/13/1902 |
12/23/1902 |
|
Archie Carrie |
11/15/1902 |
1/26/1903 |
|
Cora C;ark |
12/23/1902 |
12/21/1909 |
|
Randolph
Neubarth |
1/20/1903 |
4/21/1910 |
|
Mary Barnett
Entlet |
1/26/1903 |
1/4/1904 |
|
Henry Hale |
6/24/1903 |
11/19/1903 |
|
Charles Camer |
9/19/1903 |
6/14/1906 |
|
FB. Warner |
1/4/1904 |
7/14/1904 |
|
Mary Bates |
7/14/1904 |
3/29/1909 |
|
Owner |
Bought |
Sold |
|
Bank of Butte
County |
6/14/1906 |
3/18/1909 |
|
Edward Harkness |
3/18/1809 |
2/28/1939 |
|
Florence
Pledgers |
3/29/1909 |
3/13/1922 |
|
Charles Thomas |
3/21/1910 |
3/24/1915 |
|
Agnes B. Thomas |
3/24/1915 |
11/18/1935 |
|
Harriet Henshaw |
7/18/1916 |
8/23/1923 |
|
Turner &
Ella Rinker |
12/21/1919 |
1/3/1936 |
|
Florence Austin
Shelton |
3/3/1922 |
7/27/1964 |
|
Harman &
Ella Bay |
8/23/1923 |
11/21/1923 |
|
O.E. Tracy |
9/21/1923 |
4/15/1931 |
|
Mable Simpson |
5/5/1930 |
7/29/1944 |
|
Marion Wigton |
4/15/1931 |
4/3/1934 |
|
Pacific State
Saving and Loan |
4/3/1934 |
12/19/1935 |
|
William Dean |
9/18/1935 |
5/19/1938 |
|
C. Tracy |
12/19/1935 |
6/12/1937 |
|
O.E. Tracy |
12/19/1935 |
6/12/1937 |
|
Ethel Posey |
6/12/1937 |
9/30/1952 |
|
Bertha Dean |
5/19/1938 |
9/16/1957 |
|
Mary Harkness |
2/28/1939 |
6/9/1955 |
|
William &
Florinda Miller |
1/19/1940 |
3/26/1943 |
|
F.J. & Mary
Nedom |
3/26/1943 |
5/20/1946 |
|
J.W. & Jessi
Brownell |
7/29/1994 |
6/14/1956 |
|
Cornellus &
Bertha Noordhoff |
2/4/1946 |
3/3/1947 |
|
Harold &
Elsa Collins |
5/20/1946 |
8/3/1962 |
|
Bidwell Memorial
Presbyterian Church |
6/9/1955 |
6/17/1961 |
|
Llyod &
Louis Ginter |
3/17/1961 |
1961 |
|
Pacific
Telephone & Telegraph |
2/3/1947 |
Present |
[1]
Marcus Benjamin, John
Bidwell, Pioneer: A Sketch of His Career (Publisher unknown: 1907; Princeton University,
2008) 16.
https://books.google.com/books?id=NEIoAAAAYAAJ&num=13.: John Gallardo, Giovanna R. Jackson, and Elizabeth
Stewart, “National Register of Historic Places: Registration Form”, (U.S. National Park Service, 1991;
U.S. National Park Service, 2013), 3.
http://focus.nps.gov/pdfhost/docs/NRHP/Text/91000636.pdf.
[2] Oroville Veterans Memorial
Park Committee, “Oroville Veterans Memorial Park: For All of Butte County,”
(Oroville Veterans Memorial Park Committee, 2016). http://www.orovilleveteransmemorialpark.org/contributors/chicoltinf.htm: Geography and Planning
Department: CSU Chico, “Historical GIS,” (Geography and Planning Department-CSU
Chico, 2014), http://www.csuchico.edu/chicohistoricalgis/deeds/D009-578.pdf.:
“Historical GIS,” (Geography and Planning Department: CSU Chico, 2014),
http://www.csuchico.edu/chicohistoricalgis/deeds/D009-578.pdf.
[3]
“David M, Reavis Dead:,” California Digital Newspaper Collection, San Francisco Call, Volume
79, Number 166, 14 May 1896, (DL Consulting, Veridian, 2016), http://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=SFC18960514.2.94: John Waterland, Many Large Ranch Houses Built During
Prosperity Seventies: $60,000 Gross On Reavis Lands, John Waterland’s
Historical Articles 1934-1940, (Chico
Record, 1936-1940), Vol. 1, 94.: Joseph McGie. History of Butte County, (Oroville, Ca.: Butte County Board of Education, 1982), Vol. 1, 305.
[5] “Historical GIS,” (Geography
and Planning Department: CSU Chico, 2014),
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[6] City and county Directory: Yuba, Sutter, Colusa, Butte and Tehama
Counties, 1881 (San Francisco: L.M. McKenney & Co., 1881), 313: Kate Taylor,
“Jerry Noonan”, Find a Grave, (Find a
Grave.com, December 19th 2009) http://www.findagrave.com/cgibin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GSln=noonan&GSfn=jerry&GSbyrel=all&GSdyrel=all&GSst=6&GScnty=186&GScntry=4&GSob=n&GRid=45631375&df=all&: “1870 United State Federal Census
for Jerry C. Noonan:”, Ancestory.com, (Ancestry,
2016), http://interactive.ancestry.com/7163/4259308_00029/14192465?backurl=http%3a%2f%2fsearch.ancestry.com%2fcgi-bin%2fsse.dll%3fdb%3d1870usfedcen%26indiv%3dtry%26h%3d14192465&ssrc=&backlabel=ReturnRecord.
: “Sanborn Map 1884”, Precise Maps of Old Western Towns: California Maps: Towns
in butte, Glenn Sutter, & Yuba Counties 1884-1949 (San Pedro, Ca.: Vlad
Shkurkin, 1990), Reel #47-X
[7] “Historical GIS,” (Geography
and Planning Department: CSU Chico, 2014), http://www.csuchico.edu/chicohistoricalgis/map.html
[9] Harry Laurenz
Wells, W.L. Chambers, History of Butte
County 1882 (Berkeley, Calif.:
Howell-North Books, 1973),
207.: John Waterland, Miners Come
to Valley in 60’s; Many Improvements
in Chico: Homes, Business, Houses Built, John Waterland’s Historical
Articles 1934-1940, (Chico Record,
1936-1940), Vol. 2, 232.
[10]
“Historical GIS,” (Geography and Planning Department: CSU Chico, 2014),
http://www.csuchico.edu/chicohistoricalgis/deeds/D009-754.pdf
[11] “Lee’s Tamale Spice 1878:
Pharmacy History”, (Lee’s tamale Spice,
2013),.http://www.leetamalespice.com/pharmacy-history.: Miners Come to Valley in 60’s; Many
Improvements in Chico: Homes, Business, Houses Built, (Chico Record,
1936-1940), Vol. 2, 232: John Waterland, ,
Saloon Open, John Waterland’s
Historical Articles 1934-1940, (Chico
Record, 1936-1940), Vol. 3, 37: [11] “Wesley C. Lee”, Find A Grave, (findagrave.com, February
23rd 2013),
http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=66034179.
[12] “Historical GIS,” (Geography
and Planning Department: CSU Chico, 2014),
http://www.csuchico.edu/chicohistoricalgis/deeds/D011-069.pdf “Historical GIS,”
(Geography and Planning Department: CSU Chico, 2014),
http://www.csuchico.edu/chicohistoricalgis/deeds/D014-137.pdf: “Oroville
Veterans Memorial Park-For All of Butte County,” (Oroville Veterans Memorial
Park Committee, 2016), [12]
“Historical GIS,” (Geography and Planning Department: CSU Chico, 2014), http://www.csuchico.edu/chicohistoricalgis/deeds/D009-261.pdf.: “Historical GIS,” (Geography and
Planning Department: CSU Chico, 2014),
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[13] Sanborn Maps 1884”. Precise
Maps of Old Western Towns: California Maps: Towns in butte, Glenn Sutter, &
Yuba Counties 1884-1949. San Pedro, Ca.: Vlad Shkurkin, 1990.. Reel #47-X.
[14]
Tom Woodbeck, Ann Flournoy, Kathy Corrigan. “History of the Telephone”, CSU
Chico University: Marian Library, Special Collections. (Tome Woodbeck), 1-2
[15]“Historical GIS,” (Geography
and Planning Department: CSU Chico,
2014),http://www.csuchico.edu/chicohistoricalgis/deeds/D018-556.pdf.
[16] John Waterland, Chico’s Early Fire Department, Complete with
Steamers and Horses, John Waterland’s Historical Articles 1934-1940, (Chico Record, 1936-1940),Vol. 1, 68,
: John Waterland, Sierra Lumber Co. Fire,
One of Biggest in City History, John Waterland’s Historical Articles
1934-1940, (Chico Record,
1936-1940),Vol. 1, 72.
[17] “Sanborn map 1884”, Precise Maps of Old
Western Towns: California Maps: Towns in butte, Glenn Sutter, & Yuba
Counties 1884-1949 (San Pedro, Ca.: Vlad Shkurkin, 1990), Reel #47-X:
“Historical GIS,” (Geography and Planning Department: CSU Chico, 2014),,
http://www.csuchico.edu/chicohistoricalgis/deeds/D023-706.pdf.
[18] John
Bidwell, Pioneer: A Sketch of His Career, (Publisher unknown, 1907), pdf. ebook, page 16. https://books.google.com.
: Ibid., 16.: Mary Ellen Bailey, “Chico State Normal
School (1887-1921)”, University Achieves, (Chico, Ca.: CSU Chico, 10/10/2012). https://www.csuchico.edu/lspr/time1.html.: “History: Normal School”, CSU Chico University, (Chico, Ca.: CSU Chico, 2016). http://www.csuchico.edu/traditions/history/.
[19] “Historical GIS,” (Geography
and Planning Department: CSU Chico, 2014),, http://www.csuchico.edu/chicohistoricalgis/deeds/D024-743.pdf.: [19] “Sanborn map 1902”, Precise
Maps of Old Western Towns: California Maps: Towns in butte, Glenn Sutter, &
Yuba Counties 1884-1949 (San Pedro, Ca.: Vlad Shkurkin, 1990), Reel #47-X.:
“Historical GIS,” (Geography and Planning Department: CSU Chico,
2014),http://www.csuchico.edu/chicohistoricalgis/deeds/D077-184.pdf.
[20]
“Historical GIS,” (Geography and Planning Department: CSU Chico,
2014),http://www.csuchico.edu/chicohistoricalgis/deeds/D040-151.pdf.:
“Historical GIS,” (Geography and Planning Department: CSU Chico, 2014), http://www.csuchico.edu/chicohistoricalgis/deeds/OR0046-352.pdf.:
G. C Mansfield, History of
Butte County, California: with biographical sketches of the leading men and women
of the county who have been identified with its growth and development from the
early days to the present. (Los
Angeles, Calif.: Historic record company. 1918), 611.: John Waterland, 1880’s were Colorful Years in History of
butte County , John Waterland’s Historical Articles 1934-1940, (Chico Record, 1936-1940), Vol. 5,
293.: History of Butte County, California: with biographical sketches of the
leading men and women of the county who have been identified with its growth
and development from the early days to the present. (Los Angeles, Calif.: Historic record
company. 1918), 611-612.
[22] “Historical GIS,” (Geography
and Planning Department: CSU Chico, 2014),
http://www.csuchico.edu/chicohistoricalgis/deeds/D056-213.pdf.: Chico City Directory 1904-1905 Vol. 1. (St.
Louis, MO: Scollard Directory Co. 1905), 83.: “Historical GIS,” (Geography and
Planning Department: CSU Chico, 2014),
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[23]
“Historical GIS,” (Geography and Planning Department: CSU Chico,
2014),http://www.csuchico.edu/chicohistoricalgis/deeds/D065-227.pdf
[24] “Sanborn map 1902 and 1909”,
Precise Maps of Old Western Towns: California Maps: Towns in butte, Glenn
Sutter, & Yuba Counties 1884-1949 (San Pedro, Ca.: Vlad Shkurkin, 1990),
Reel #47-X/:
[25] Gerald Foster, American Houses-A Guide to the Architecture
of the Home, (New York: Houghton Mifflin Co., 2004,), 284.
[26] History of Butte County,
California: with biographical sketches of the leading men and women of the
county who have been identified with its growth and development from the early
days to the present. (Los
Angeles, Calif.: Historic record company). 1918, 480.
[27] “Park
Henshaw is now to be Made a Colonel” San Francisco
Call, Volume 84, Number 20, 20 June 1898
, (DL
Consulting, Veridian, 2016), http://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=SFC18980620.2.56.: History of Butte County,
California: with biographical sketches of the leading men and women of the
county who have been identified with its growth and development from the early
days to the present. (Los
Angeles, Calif.: Historic record company). 1918, 480.
[28]
John Waterland, Old Timer Recalls Fist
Move to Organize Chico’s First High School, John Waterland’s Historical
Articles 1934-1940, (Chico Record,
1936-1940)., Vol. 4, 269.: John
Waterland, Chico’s Visit of Pres. Hayes, Gen. Sherman are Recalled,, John Waterland’s Historical Articles
1934-1940, (Chico Record,
1936-1940)., Vol. 4, 272.
[29] History of Butte County,
California: with biographical sketches of the leading men and women of the
county who have been identified with its growth and development from the early
days to the present. (Los Angeles, Calif.: Historic
record company). 1918, 480-481.
[30] “Colonel Park Henshaw,” Chico Daily Enterprise, Monday Evening,
June 14, 1915,
“Col Park Henshaw”, Find a Grave. findagrave.com, February 10th 2011,
http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=65476228.
[31] The Chico Enterprise, Monday
Evening, September 11th 1922, http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=65476284.: “Historical GIS,” (Geography and
Planning Department: CSU Chico, 2014) http://www.csuchico.edu/chicohistoricalgis/deeds/D204-056.pdf.
[32] “Sanborn map 1921 and 1937”,
Precise Maps of Old Western Towns: California Maps: Towns in butte, Glenn
Sutter, & Yuba Counties 1884-1949 (San Pedro, Ca.: Vlad Shkurkin, 1990),
Reel #47-X.
[33] “Historical GIS,” (Geography
and Planning Department: CSU Chico, 2014),
http://www.csuchico.edu/chicohistoricalgis/deeds/D110-130.pdf.: Chico-Oroville Directory 1911. (R.L.
Polk & Co. 1911), 51.: United States Federal Census 1920,” Ancestry, Ancestry.com, (Ancestry.com,
2016), http://interactive.ancestry.com.“
[34] John Waterland,, Judge Holds Hydrolytic Debris
Nescience John Waterland’s
Historical Articles 1934-1940, (Chico
Record, 1936-1940)., Vol. 3 page 216.: History
of Butte County, California: with biographical sketches of the leading men and
women of the county who have been identified with its growth and development
from the early days to the present. (Los
Angeles, Calif.: Historic record company. 1918), 339 and 400.
[35] Geography and Planning
Department-CSU Chico, “Historical GIS,” Geography and Planning Department-CSU
Chico, 2014, http://www.csuchico.edu/chicohistoricalgis/deeds/OR0776-266.pdf
[36] Mary Ellen Bailey, “Chico State Normal School (1887-1921)”, University
Achieves, (Chico, Ca.: CSU Chico, 10/10/2012). https://www.csuchico.edu/lspr/time1.html.: “History: Normal School”, CSU Chico University, (Chico, Ca.: CSU Chico, 2016). http://www.csuchico.edu/traditions/history/.
[37]
“Historical GIS,” (Geography and Planning Department: CSU Chico,
2014),http://www.csuchico.edu/chicohistoricalgis/deeds/OR0390-207.pdf
[39] Tom Woodbeck, Ann Flournoy,
Kathy Corrigan. “History of the Telephone”, CSU Chico University: Marian
Library, Special Collections. (Tome Woodbeck), 7-9.: “Letter from 6 Residents
to City of Chico dated 3/10/56”, Butte County, City of Chico City Hall,
Planning Department, 518 West 4th St. file, (City of Chico, 1956).
[40]
“Historical GIS,” (Geography and Planning Department: CSU Chico, 2014),
http://www.csuchico.edu/chicohistoricalgis/deeds/OR0440-145.pdf. : “Brief of
classification 1951,” Butte County, City of Chico City Hall, Building
Department, 518 West 4th St. file. City of Chico, 1951.
[42] “Letter date 1/26/1956 by
Pacific telephone to City of Chico,” Butte County, City of Chico City Hall,
Planning Department, 518 West 4th St. file. City of Chico, 1956.
[43]
“Historical GIS,” (Geography and Planning Department: CSU Chico, 2014), http://www.csuchico.edu/chicohistoricalgis/deeds/OR0671-160.pdf.:
[43] “Historical GIS,” (Geography
and Planning Department: CSU Chico, 2014), http://www.csuchico.edu/chicohistoricalgis/deeds/OR0332-233.pdf.:
“Encroachment permit 3/20/1957,” Butte County, City of Chico City Hall,
Planning Department, 518 West 4th St. file. City of Chico, 1957.:
“Moving Permit 6/1957”, Butte County, City of Chico City Hall, Planning
Department, 518 West 4th St. file, (City of Chico, 1957).: John
Gallardo, Giovanna R. Jackson, and Elizabeth Stewart. “National Register of
Historic Places: Registration Form”, U.S.
National Park Service, 1991, (U.S. National Park Service, 2013). Section 7, 1,
http://focus.nps.gov/pdfhost/docs/NRHP/Text/91000636.pdf.
[44] “Letter from City of Chico to
Pacific Telephone January 26th 1956,” Butte County, City of Chico
City Hall, Planning Department, 518 West 4th St. file. City of
Chico, 1956.
[2] “Wesley C. Lee”. Find a Grave, (findagrave.com, February
23rd 2013). http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=66034179.
[3] Nopel, John.
“Wesley Lee”, California State University Chico, Meriam Library, John Nopel Photograph Collection,
Wesley Lee: 1885, sc50615.: “Wesley C.
Lee”. Find a Grave, (findagrave.com,
February 23rd 2013). http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=66034179.
[4] John Nopel, “Neubarth Band, 2nd Infantry Regiment,” California State University Chico, Meriam
Library, John Nopel Photograph Collection,
Neubarth Band, 1895, sc50099.
[5] Lincoln Hawkins Cook. “Park
Henshaw”. California State University Chico, Meriam Library, Clifford Sanborn Photograph Collection,
2011. sc19373.
